Class 10 English Unit 1: Current Affairs and Issues-II

Grammar I: Direct and Indirect Speech

Complete Guidelines for the whole unit, including reading, writing, and grammar exercises. 

A. Match the following statements with the correct reported speech and notice how the statements are changed. (Answers only)

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
a.      Khusi said, "I go to school every day by bus."	Khusi said that she went to school every day by bus.
b.     Karma said to me, "I am sorry for coming late."	Karma apologized for coming late.
c.      Susan says, "I will leave for Bhanu next week.	Susan says that she will leave for Bhanu the following week.
d.     Tshering said, "I will surely meet you this Saturday."	Tshering promised to meet me that Saturday.
e.      "The bus leaves at six," said the agent.	The agent informed us that the bus left at six.
f.       "I have already finished my project work," she said.	She said that she had already finished her project work.
g.     "I work from home these days", said Yanjal.	Yanjal said that he worked from home those days.

B.    Complete the following sentences with the correct reporting verbs.

advised                 admitted               warned                 offered

informed               agreed                   apologized            promised

a.      " I broke the mirror." He admitted that he had broken the mirror.

b.     "I'd go and see a doctor if I were you," Pemba said to me. Pemba advised me to go and see a doctor.

c.      "I will send you out if you make noise again," said the librarian. The librarian warned me not to make a noise again.

d.     "I can come and help you plant rice," said Raman. Raman offered to help me plant rice.

e.      "The classes start from next week," said the assistant. The assistant informed us that the classes start the following week.

f.       Sonam said to me, "Thank you so much for your help." Sonam thanked me for my help.

g.     "OK, I will return your money by Saturday," said Prakriti. Prakriti promised to return my money by Saturday.

h.     "I will really work hard and score good grades," said Anupam. Anupam agreed to work hard and get good grades.

i.       "I am sorry for coming late," said the speaker. The speaker apologized for coming late.

 

Quiz for Speech: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UJVH3R1VqSI

 

Writing I: Newspaper Article Writing

The use of AI in technology is not only making people's lives easier but also bringing new challenges. Write a newspaper article about the challenges brought by the advancement of AI in technology.

The Challenges Brought by the Advancement of AI in Technology

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed technology, driving revolution and transforming industries. AI has supported machines to complete tasks that once required human intelligence, such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making. From self-directed vehicles to smart assistants, AI has improved proficiency and created countless possibilities, making it a key driver of technological progress.

However, the rapid growth of AI also brings challenges that impact technology and society. One major concern is job automation, where AI replaces human roles in areas like manufacturing, customer service, and even creative work. This has raised fears of unemployment and economic inequality. Additionally, AI's reliance on data poses privacy concerns, as delicate information may be misused or uncovered. Ethical issues also arise, with biased algorithms and the potential misuse of AI for harmful purposes, such as cyberattacks or spreading misinformation. Furthermore, ensuring the security and transparency of AI systems remains a complex challenge.

In conclusion, while AI advancements have brought remarkable progress, addressing the challenges they create is crucial for sustainable development. Governments, researchers, and industries must work together to regulate AI usage, protect privacy, and ensure fairness. By doing so, we can harness the power of AI while minimizing its risks and ensuring it benefits everyone.

Reading II: Open Letter to UN Secretary-General Antonio Gutters 

Vocabulary

·        inclusion /ɪnˈkluːʒn/ - noun - the act of including or being included

·        advisory /ədˈvaɪzəri/ - adjective - providing advice; noun - an official notice or warning

·        announcement /əˈnaʊnsmənt/ - noun - a public or formal statement

·        accelerating /əkˈsɛləreɪtɪŋ/ - verb - speeding up or increasing

·        tackle /ˈtækl/ - verb - to deal with or handle a problem

·        corporate /ˈkɔːpərət/ - adjective - related to a business or company

·        disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ - adjective - feeling let down or unhappy

·        diversity /daɪˈvɜːsɪti/ - noun - variety or a range of different things

·        outrage /ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/ - noun - strong anger or indignation

·        catalyst /ˈkætəlɪst/ - noun - something that causes change or action

·        crisis /ˈkraɪsɪs/ - noun - a time of intense difficulty or danger

·        sparked /spɑːkt/ - verb (past) - caused or ignited

·        at stake /æt steɪk/ - phrase - at risk or in danger

·        scupper /ˈskʌpə/ - verb - to ruin or thwart

·        dash /dæʃ/ - verb - to destroy hope or enthusiasm

·        net-zero /nɛt ˈzɪərəʊ/ - noun/adjective - achieving a balance between emitted and absorbed carbon

·        recovery /rɪˈkʌvəri/ - noun - a return to normal or improved state

·        expertise /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/ - noun - specialized skill or knowledge

·        preparatory /ˈprɛpərətəri/ - adjective - serving as preparation

·        engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/ - noun - involvement or commitment

·        armed /ɑːmd/ - adjective - equipped or prepared

·        combating /ˈkɒmbætɪŋ/ - verb - fighting or opposing

·        constructive /kənˈstrʌktɪv/ - adjective - useful and positive

A.   Fill in the blanks with the correct words given below.

tackle          corporate              outrage                 catalyze

at stake       net-zero                expertise              

a.      The corporate headquarters of the leaders of the company is in Dubai.

b.     According to Greta, the leaders are failing to tackle the key issues.

c.      Some viruses catalyze the steps in the production of other viruses.

d.     His business expertise helped him greatly to run the company.

e.      The Nepal government plans to reduce carbon dioxide emissions to net zero.

f.       He does not have good knowledge of business. So, he has put his investment at stake.

g.     His controversial remarks caused public outrage.

B.    Write whether the following sentences are 'True' or 'False'. Write 'Not Given' if the information is not found in the letter.

a.      Save the Children congratulates Antonio Guterres on his recent appointment as the General Secretary of the UN. False

b.     The Youth Advisory Group on climate change was announced at the request of children between 18 to 21 years of age. Not Given

c.      The dissatisfaction is that the representation of children is not inclusive. True

d.     Greta Thuberg protested for the right to a safe, clean, healthy, and sustainable environment. True

e.      The children demand their physical safety in the UK and Italy. False

f.       The children think that they can participate in decision-making to fight against the climate crisis. True

C.    Answer the following questions.

a.      The office of the UN Secretary is situated at 42^nd Street, New York, NY 10017.

b.     The purpose of writing this letter to Antonio Guterres is to express dissatisfaction with the exclusion of children in the Youth Advisory Group on Climate Change, requesting their inclusion.

c.      The Youth Advisory Group was announced to advise the UN Secretary-General regularly on accelerating global action.

d.     The children have played the role of agents in engaging with political and corporate leaders in the time of the climate crisis.

e.      Greta Thunberg generated the global movement through solo protest and asserted the importance of individual action.

f.       The final demand of the children is to include children and adolescents younger than 18 for the Young Advisory Group. 

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