Class Ten English Unit-1: Current Affairs and Issues-I

 

Unit 1: Current Affairs and Issues

Complete guidelines for the whole unit, including reading, writing, and grammar exercises

Think about the pictures in the textbook, from right to left. Express your views on the causes and consequences of the issues. The description can be:

The first picture shows a robot slapping a human. It represents the growing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by humans. The growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) by humans is transforming many aspects of our lives, from the way we work and communicate to the way we consume goods and services. AI can bring numerous benefits, such as increased productivity, improved efficiency, and better decision-making. However, there are also some potential negative consequences of AI, such as job displacement, social inequality, and the misuse of AI.

The second picture shows the Earth burned by the rise in temperature. Human activities, such as excessive use of fossil fuels, deforestation, and agriculture, are the main causes of climate change. Potential consequences of climate change include rising sea levels, more extreme weather events, changes in agricultural production, loss of 7 biodiversity, and impacts on human health.

The third picture represents the effects of the overuse of social media. The overuse of social media has become a prevalent issue in today's society. It can lead to harmful consequences, including increased levels of anxiety and depression. Moreover, excessive use of social media can disrupt real-world relationships, as face-to-face interactions are replaced by virtual ones.

The fourth picture depicts the world's food scarcity. Various factors, such as conflict, climate change, poverty, inequality, and food waste, cause food scarcity, which has devastating consequences for humanity. It causes malnutrition, starvation, social unrest, economic instability, and environmental degradation.

Reading I: How Driverless Cars Will Change Our World

Vocabulary

·        glare /ɡlɛə/ - verb - to shine intensely or stare angrily; noun - a bright light or fierce look

·        radiate /ˈreɪdɪeɪt/ - verb - to emit energy or spread out from a center

·        navigate /ˈnævɪɡeɪt/ - verb - to plan and direct a route

·        curb /kɜːb/ - verb - to control or limit; noun - a raised edge along a road

·        pings /pɪŋz/ - noun - short, sharp sounds or signals; verb - sends a quick signal

·        upfront /ʌpˈfrʌnt/ - adjective - honest or paid in advance

·        hailed /heɪld/ - verb (past) - greeted or praised enthusiastically

·        enticing /ɪnˈtaɪsɪŋ/ - adjective - attractive or tempting

·        commuting /kəˈmjuːtɪŋ/ - verb - traveling to and from work

·        streamline /ˈstriːmlaɪn/ - verb - to make more efficient or organized

·        reliance /rɪˈlaɪəns/ - noun - dependence on something or someone

·        fatalities /fəˈtælɪtiz/ - noun - deaths caused by accidents or disasters

·        serene /sɪˈriːn/ - adjective - calm, peaceful, and untroubled

·        perception /pəˈsɛpʃn/ - noun - the way something is understood or interpreted

·        liability /ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti/ - noun - a legal responsibility or disadvantage

·        deployed /dɪˈplɔɪd/ - verb (past) - positioned or arranged strategically

·        hurdles /ˈhɜːdlz/ - noun - obstacles or difficulties; verb - jumps over barriers

·        autonomous /ɔːˈtɒnəməs/ - adjective - self-governing or independent

·        unpredictable /ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbl/ - adjective - not able to be foreseen or counted on

·        facades /fəˈsɑːdz/ - noun - outward appearances, often deceptive

·        terrains /təˈreɪnz/ - noun - types of land or ground

A.   The following words have two different meanings. Match each word with the meaning used in the context of the text above. (Answers only)

Words	Their Meanings
a.      glare	an intense, blinding light
b.     curb	Something that checks or restricts
c.      hail	to call somebody to attract their attention
d.     commute	to travel regularly between the workplace and home
e.      serene	calm and peaceful
f.       liability	the state of being legally responsible for something
g.     deploy	to use something effectively
h.     autonomous	able to do things and make decisions without help from anyone else
i.       perception	a belief or an image about how you see or understand something

B.    Choose the correct alternatives to complete the sentences below. (Answers only)

a.a. One of the features of automated cars is that they have their voice to welcome people into them.

b.b. Driverless technology is being widely used, particularly in the USA.

c.      The positive impact of such technology on the environment is it reduces carbon production.

d.     One of the problems with driverless technology is that it cannot deal with human drivers.

e.      One of the biggest challenges of automated cars is their safety from the human environment.

f.       The automated technology developed so far is partly trustworthy.

C.    Answer the following questions. (Answers only)

a.      The three features of the driverless car are their ability to drive without a driver, communication with passengers using voice, and control by app.

b.     The benefits of driverless cars are more than human-driven cars. They produce less carbon dioxide, fewer accidents, and a more sustainable way of life. 

c.      According to Camilla Fowler, the special advantage of automated vehicles is fewer accidents on safer roads.

d.     The problems with driverless vehicles, in David Hynd's view, include their ability to cope with human drivers.

e.      The scientists are improving the construction of automated technology to make driverless technology safer.

f.       I think driverless technology is safer than human-controlled driving. However, there is a question about driverless technology for an unpredictable issue of human behavior.

Pronunciation

Listen to the teacher or audio and transcribe the following words as in the example. Then pronounce the words correctly.

Example: glare /gleə (r)/

Glare - /ɡleə/                       Curb - /kɜːb/         Junction - /ˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

Carbon - /ˈkɑːbən/              Car - /kɑː/            President - /ˈprezɪdənt/

Hurdle - /ˈhɜːdəl/                Exterior - /ɪkˈstɪərɪə/     

Driver - /ˈdraɪvə/                 Traffic - /ˈtræfɪk/

Speaking

 Here are some remarks people made to you this morning. Report them to your friends in the class.

a.      Teacher: I am very busy now.

b.     Sister: The cows have been fed.

c.      Sohan: I know your address.

d.     Ramila: I don't believe you.

e.      Alice: I am too late to go out. 

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